On the basis of the statistical diagnostic analysis method and the daily mean temperature and precipitation of 21 meteorological observation stations in the Ankang and Hanzhong from 1963 to 2012, a series of analysis is made of the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the annual mean temperature and precipitation, as well as seasonal mean rainfall in the Qinling and Daba valley. Results indicate that the annual mean temperature of the Qinling Daba valley significantly increased, and the change trend of the annual total precipitation of the Qinling Daba valley was not obvious; the precipitation in spring and autumn decreased, but the precipitation in summer showed an increasing trend. At the same time, using the REOF method, the summer precipitation in the Qinling Daba valley is divided into three main mode (rainfall pattern): western, eastern, and central, and the western, and the eastern types of summer precipitation were more sensitive. The analysis of a typical strong precipitation processes shows that the western and the eastern types of summer precipitation are the typical rainfall patterns and have great significance to precipitation forecasting and disaster prevention service.