In order to detect the atmospheric boundary layer structure more accurately, this paper introduces a new boundary layer sounding system. In order to verify the accuracy of the device and its overall performance, we conducted the ball comparison test between the instrument and the Vaisala RS92 radiosonde. The results show that the average deviation of the corrected temperature, air pressure, relative humidity, wind speed, and wind direction is only 035 ℃, 020 hPa, 117%, 016 m/s and -127°, and the error range of each parameter satisfies the operational specification.With the Lband sounding system and the XLSIItype retreat boat sounding system, comparative tests were conducted in the summer and winter of 2016, respectively. The results show that the accuracy and reliability of the instrument can meet the needs of scientific research and services. In addition, the system can well reflect the characteristics of the boundary layer structure and can be used as a comparative test instrument for the accuracy of wind profile radar.