According to the theory of natural disaster risk, combined with the meteorological observation data, geographic information, population, and economic data, the comprehensive evaluation of lightning disaster risks is carried out. This paper studies the quantitative relationship between the risk and the disastercausing factor, disasterbreeding environment, and disaster bearing body, establishes the evaluation index and the AHP model, calculates the comprehensive evaluation index, divides the regional risk levels by the fuzzy comprehensive judgment and cluster analysis, and draws the lightning disaster risk zoning map. The results show that: the highrisk areas of lightning disasters are mainly concentrated in the central and southwestern Yunnan, and the southeastern Lijiang in Northwest Yunnan; the secondary highrisk areas are distributed in Xishuangbanna, Puer, Kunming, Chuxiong, the western Qujing, northern Yuxi and central Dali; medium risk areas are mainly concentrated in Lincang, Dehong, Qujing, Honghe, Lijiang, and the northern Wenshan; the lowrisk areas are mainly located in Diqing, Nujiang, and Zhaotong. The results of risk zoning are compared with the distribution of historical lightning disasters, which correspond well. To carry out the risk analysis based on predisaster defense, judge and evaluate the possibility of regional lightning risk, and analyze the influence scope and risk level of disaster causing factors, are helpful to control and dispose risks in advance, and provide references for defense decisionmaking, risk management, and emergency disposal. With the improvement of information and technical methods, the confidence and reliability of risk assessment will also be improved.