Volume 31,Issue 5,2003 Table of Contents
2003, 31(5):257-261.
Abstract:
The history of agrometeorological crop yields forecast i s reviewed, an d the operational technical support system is described. Discussion is conducted on some problems encountered at present in operation: it is difficult to make n ationwide crop yields forecast; crop production forecast models should be mechan ism-based and dynamic, and crop production forecast should be oriented to the m a in crops in the world. The opportunity and challenges that the meteorological se rvice of China is confronted presently and the corresponding solutions are discu ssed.
The history of agrometeorological crop yields forecast i s reviewed, an d the operational technical support system is described. Discussion is conducted on some problems encountered at present in operation: it is difficult to make n ationwide crop yields forecast; crop production forecast models should be mechan ism-based and dynamic, and crop production forecast should be oriented to the m a in crops in the world. The opportunity and challenges that the meteorological se rvice of China is confronted presently and the corresponding solutions are discu ssed.
2003, 31(5):262-267.
Abstract:
The operation and function of the improved meso-scale n umerical foreca sting operational system of the Shenyang Regional Meteorological Center are desc ribed. The system is put into operation in 1997. At first, the system provided o nly precipitation forecasts, and recently it is able to provide such operational products as precipitation forecast, tropic cyclone route forecast, meteorologic al condition forecast of air pollution, service guides of precipitation enhancem ent and basic meteorological element forecast needed by the operational urban en viro nmental meteorological prediction. The system runs twice every day automatically . The products directly enter the graph system of MICAPS, Vis5d and Grads to dis play charts and directly enter meso-scale numerical forecasting web pages of th e Shenyang Regional Meteorological Center Local Area Network. The forecasting prod ucts have become necessary reference data for forecasters. According to the asse ssment made by the Shenyang Central Observatory, its forecasting accuracy exceed ed the Japanese East Asia Model in the flood season of 2002.
The operation and function of the improved meso-scale n umerical foreca sting operational system of the Shenyang Regional Meteorological Center are desc ribed. The system is put into operation in 1997. At first, the system provided o nly precipitation forecasts, and recently it is able to provide such operational products as precipitation forecast, tropic cyclone route forecast, meteorologic al condition forecast of air pollution, service guides of precipitation enhancem ent and basic meteorological element forecast needed by the operational urban en viro nmental meteorological prediction. The system runs twice every day automatically . The products directly enter the graph system of MICAPS, Vis5d and Grads to dis play charts and directly enter meso-scale numerical forecasting web pages of th e Shenyang Regional Meteorological Center Local Area Network. The forecasting prod ucts have become necessary reference data for forecasters. According to the asse ssment made by the Shenyang Central Observatory, its forecasting accuracy exceed ed the Japanese East Asia Model in the flood season of 2002.
2003, 31(5):268-272.
Abstract:
A diagnose model is concluded from the synoptic and dynamical model of affecting Liaoning Province precipitation, and some synthesis physical factors are constr ucted. Based on the climate features of precipitation, the partially distributin g precipitation is normalized to satisfy the needs of building steady equations. The precipitation is divided into two sorts (rain, no-rain), and then rain sam p les are normalized with the method of classification and extraction of 4 roots. The precipitation forecasting model, which includes rain probability and precipi tation models, is built with the statistic method. The results of operational ex periments in 2000 show that this model has great capabilities in forecasting rai ns, and the precipitation-normalized model is better than the non-normalized.
A diagnose model is concluded from the synoptic and dynamical model of affecting Liaoning Province precipitation, and some synthesis physical factors are constr ucted. Based on the climate features of precipitation, the partially distributin g precipitation is normalized to satisfy the needs of building steady equations. The precipitation is divided into two sorts (rain, no-rain), and then rain sam p les are normalized with the method of classification and extraction of 4 roots. The precipitation forecasting model, which includes rain probability and precipi tation models, is built with the statistic method. The results of operational ex periments in 2000 show that this model has great capabilities in forecasting rai ns, and the precipitation-normalized model is better than the non-normalized.
2003, 31(5):273-279.
Abstract:
Through analyzing the factors affecting the extreme temp eratures of 11 cit ies in Hebei Province and integrating the merits of experiential forecast and nu merical forecast, the forecasting equations of extreme temperatures of these 11 cities are established by using the successive regression method. The results sh ow that this method can score 80 in temperature objective forecasting, and even more effective when the amplitude of temperature change is larger during spring and fall, as well as in transitional and break weather conditions.
Through analyzing the factors affecting the extreme temp eratures of 11 cit ies in Hebei Province and integrating the merits of experiential forecast and nu merical forecast, the forecasting equations of extreme temperatures of these 11 cities are established by using the successive regression method. The results sh ow that this method can score 80 in temperature objective forecasting, and even more effective when the amplitude of temperature change is larger during spring and fall, as well as in transitional and break weather conditions.
2003, 31(5):280-283.
Abstract:
The analysis of severe thunderstorms is made based on th e observation data from 1961 to 2000 in the eastern Hexi Area. The temporal and spatial distri bution of severe thunderstorms in the eastern Hexi area is discussed. The result s show that there are four weather patterns and four weather conditions favorabl e to severe thunderstorms, which can be used as essentials for forecasting sever e thunderstorms in the eastern Hexi area.
The analysis of severe thunderstorms is made based on th e observation data from 1961 to 2000 in the eastern Hexi Area. The temporal and spatial distri bution of severe thunderstorms in the eastern Hexi area is discussed. The result s show that there are four weather patterns and four weather conditions favorabl e to severe thunderstorms, which can be used as essentials for forecasting sever e thunderstorms in the eastern Hexi area.
2003, 31(5):284-288.
Abstract:
By means of conventional meteorological data, the reason s of two extre me high temperature events (clear-and-hot high temperature weather occurred in 1 5 July 2002 and the extreme muggy high temperature weather occurred in 2 August 2002) are studied. The results show that they were controlled by the continental warm high and the subtropical warm high respectively over the western Pacific. Aff ected by topography, they were strengthened by the foehn effect caused by west w ind and the warm moisture accumulation before mountains caused by south wind. So lar radiation is also an important factor causing the extreme clear and hot high temperature event.
By means of conventional meteorological data, the reason s of two extre me high temperature events (clear-and-hot high temperature weather occurred in 1 5 July 2002 and the extreme muggy high temperature weather occurred in 2 August 2002) are studied. The results show that they were controlled by the continental warm high and the subtropical warm high respectively over the western Pacific. Aff ected by topography, they were strengthened by the foehn effect caused by west w ind and the warm moisture accumulation before mountains caused by south wind. So lar radiation is also an important factor causing the extreme clear and hot high temperature event.
2003, 31(5):289-292.
Abstract:
The low-resolution analogue data transmission of geost ation ary meteorological satellites will be changed to digital data transmission,i.e. , Low Resolution Information Transmission (LRIT). The LRIT transmission conte nts, transmission modes and system layout and the LRIT comparison of satellite o perators in the world are described.
The low-resolution analogue data transmission of geost ation ary meteorological satellites will be changed to digital data transmission,i.e. , Low Resolution Information Transmission (LRIT). The LRIT transmission conte nts, transmission modes and system layout and the LRIT comparison of satellite o perators in the world are described.
2003, 31(5):293-295.
Abstract:
Making best use of communication resources of Dopple r radar, integ rated communication and Internet technology, without increasing communication li nes and influencing radar data communication, the transmission system of broadba nd network for comprehensive sounding service was established by setting up the LAN system. It was done by changing the connection mode of cables and the comput er system of Doppler radar. Great improvement is made in the communication envir onment. The transmission of data is steady, convenient and fast.
Making best use of communication resources of Dopple r radar, integ rated communication and Internet technology, without increasing communication li nes and influencing radar data communication, the transmission system of broadba nd network for comprehensive sounding service was established by setting up the LAN system. It was done by changing the connection mode of cables and the comput er system of Doppler radar. Great improvement is made in the communication envir onment. The transmission of data is steady, convenient and fast.
2003, 31(5):296-299.
Abstract:
To meet the needs of agrometeorologiocal information and forecast serv ice and agrometeorologiocal research, a basic meteorological database system is established on a Windows-based Chinese platform, which is easy and convenient to use and has such capabilities as real-time data adding, amending, inquiring, counting, etc., and can provide operating direction.
To meet the needs of agrometeorologiocal information and forecast serv ice and agrometeorologiocal research, a basic meteorological database system is established on a Windows-based Chinese platform, which is easy and convenient to use and has such capabilities as real-time data adding, amending, inquiring, counting, etc., and can provide operating direction.
2003, 31(5):300-304.
Abstract:
As a sample , based on the SSS technique, agroclimatolog y demonstration for the turning planting between tobacco and rice was done in Huichang County of Jiangxi Province. The method is described. According to the results of climat e demonstration, several suggestions, which have been adopted by the local gover nment, are put forward for the conversion from single/double-crop rice to the t u rning planting between tobacco and rice in different microclimate areas in Huich ang County.
As a sample , based on the SSS technique, agroclimatolog y demonstration for the turning planting between tobacco and rice was done in Huichang County of Jiangxi Province. The method is described. According to the results of climat e demonstration, several suggestions, which have been adopted by the local gover nment, are put forward for the conversion from single/double-crop rice to the t u rning planting between tobacco and rice in different microclimate areas in Huich ang County.
2003, 31(5):305-307.
Abstract:
Some remote sensing investigation methods of surface wa ter are briefly int roduced. The software ER-mapper, ARC/INFO and ARCVIEW are used to establish i n terpretation symbols according to the shape, hue, texture, location and distribu tion of images. Different wave band combination and different image manipulation methods are used for different interpretation objects. The interpretation, comp iling and mapping of the electronic maps are accomplished on computers. This enh anced the precision and rapidity of interpretation.
Some remote sensing investigation methods of surface wa ter are briefly int roduced. The software ER-mapper, ARC/INFO and ARCVIEW are used to establish i n terpretation symbols according to the shape, hue, texture, location and distribu tion of images. Different wave band combination and different image manipulation methods are used for different interpretation objects. The interpretation, comp iling and mapping of the electronic maps are accomplished on computers. This enh anced the precision and rapidity of interpretation.
2003, 31(5):308-313.
Abstract:
An introduction of progress in severe weather process pr ediction in USA in last 20 years is made, and examples in the forecasting o f tornadoes , thunderstorm gales and hails are given. Some remarks on the development of sev ere weather prediction are made.
An introduction of progress in severe weather process pr ediction in USA in last 20 years is made, and examples in the forecasting o f tornadoes , thunderstorm gales and hails are given. Some remarks on the development of sev ere weather prediction are made.
2003, 31(5):314-320.
Abstract:
The quality of meteorological observational data is res ponsible for t he results of meteorological and the related researches. How can we control the quality of meteorological data? It has been a scientific problem confronting met eorologists. The methods and technologies of data quality control (QC) are diffe rent in different countries. The cooperative researches in this field in the fiv e countries of northern Europe occupy a leading position in the world. The flows , methods and technologies for the real-time and non-real-time meteorological da ta quality control in Nordic countries are described. Their data quality control adopts a routine of four-level QC: QC0, QC1, QC2 and HQC. The methods include s ingle-station checking and spatial checking, and each kind of quality checking u ses different schemes. The QC flagging is very important in the process of data quality control. The flagging methods are different for different users. The sch emes of QC flagging are also dissimilar in the Nordic countries.
The quality of meteorological observational data is res ponsible for t he results of meteorological and the related researches. How can we control the quality of meteorological data? It has been a scientific problem confronting met eorologists. The methods and technologies of data quality control (QC) are diffe rent in different countries. The cooperative researches in this field in the fiv e countries of northern Europe occupy a leading position in the world. The flows , methods and technologies for the real-time and non-real-time meteorological da ta quality control in Nordic countries are described. Their data quality control adopts a routine of four-level QC: QC0, QC1, QC2 and HQC. The methods include s ingle-station checking and spatial checking, and each kind of quality checking u ses different schemes. The QC flagging is very important in the process of data quality control. The flagging methods are different for different users. The sch emes of QC flagging are also dissimilar in the Nordic countries.
External LinksChina Meteorological AdministrationCMA Meteorological Observation CentreChinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing Meteorological ServiceNational Satellite Meteorological Center
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Supported by:Beijing E-Tiller Technology Development Co., Ltd.
Supported by:Beijing E-Tiller Technology Development Co., Ltd.