Volume 33,Issue 5,2005 Table of Contents
2005, 33(5):385-389393.
Abstract:
Along with the improving of numerical weather prediction models and the application of atmospheric observational data,especially non-conventional sounding data such as satellite and radar,data assimilation methods have made further advancement.Previous data assimilation approaches are reviewed,and the current studies and prospects in the field are described.The data assimilation researches experienced several stages from those early explorations to the subsequent techniques mainly based on experiences(including SCM and nudging),then statistical and the multivariate statistical interpolation(OI,3D-Varand PSAS) methods.Considering the difference between the fact that background error covariance keeps unchanged and the actual situation,the current assimilation techniques take into account the time dimension of sounding data,which are becoming popular internationally and represented by 4D-Var and Kalman filtering techniques.With the development of computer technology,more perfect FDDA methods will play an important role in the future operational prediction.
Along with the improving of numerical weather prediction models and the application of atmospheric observational data,especially non-conventional sounding data such as satellite and radar,data assimilation methods have made further advancement.Previous data assimilation approaches are reviewed,and the current studies and prospects in the field are described.The data assimilation researches experienced several stages from those early explorations to the subsequent techniques mainly based on experiences(including SCM and nudging),then statistical and the multivariate statistical interpolation(OI,3D-Varand PSAS) methods.Considering the difference between the fact that background error covariance keeps unchanged and the actual situation,the current assimilation techniques take into account the time dimension of sounding data,which are becoming popular internationally and represented by 4D-Var and Kalman filtering techniques.With the development of computer technology,more perfect FDDA methods will play an important role in the future operational prediction.
2005, 33(5):390-393.
Abstract:
VAISALA公司推出的数字化探空仪RS92标志着VAISALA探空技术有了全新的发展,探空系统和探空仪完全实现数字化.RS92采用了数字技术,在提高测量精度、提高信息传输的抗干扰能力上都将获益.RS92的发射机占用带宽大约是RS80的十分之一.测风采用GPS扩频技术,大幅度提高测风数据获取率.温、压、湿传感器都有明显改进.中国探空技术要加强传感器和探空仪传感器测量手段的发展.
VAISALA公司推出的数字化探空仪RS92标志着VAISALA探空技术有了全新的发展,探空系统和探空仪完全实现数字化.RS92采用了数字技术,在提高测量精度、提高信息传输的抗干扰能力上都将获益.RS92的发射机占用带宽大约是RS80的十分之一.测风采用GPS扩频技术,大幅度提高测风数据获取率.温、压、湿传感器都有明显改进.中国探空技术要加强传感器和探空仪传感器测量手段的发展.
2005, 33(5):394-400407.
Abstract:
建立了不均匀的地表径流算法,修改了RegCM2中径流方案,这一算法适用于疏松土壤和紧密土壤.设计了一个适合与气候模式RegCM2耦合、能模拟水文站流量的汇流模式.模拟了1998年夏季大暴雨期间6、7、8月降水的空间分布,分析了该径流方案对降水、地表热量通量、地表径流、土壤湿度产生的影响,结果表明：①本文提出的方案在模拟1998年长江流域夏季大暴雨期间降水的空间分布上有一定的合理性,在一定程度上改善了降水量的模拟,其影响大致是总降水量的10%左右.②地表径流方案改变了地面向大气输送的热量通量,这种作用随时间发生变化,这种变化与地表水分的再分配有关.③本方案计算的土壤渗透能力较强.在暴雨的初期,产生径流较少,而在暴雨后期土壤湿度增大,产生的地表径流较大,这一点更符合洪水形成的特点.
建立了不均匀的地表径流算法,修改了RegCM2中径流方案,这一算法适用于疏松土壤和紧密土壤.设计了一个适合与气候模式RegCM2耦合、能模拟水文站流量的汇流模式.模拟了1998年夏季大暴雨期间6、7、8月降水的空间分布,分析了该径流方案对降水、地表热量通量、地表径流、土壤湿度产生的影响,结果表明：①本文提出的方案在模拟1998年长江流域夏季大暴雨期间降水的空间分布上有一定的合理性,在一定程度上改善了降水量的模拟,其影响大致是总降水量的10%左右.②地表径流方案改变了地面向大气输送的热量通量,这种作用随时间发生变化,这种变化与地表水分的再分配有关.③本方案计算的土壤渗透能力较强.在暴雨的初期,产生径流较少,而在暴雨后期土壤湿度增大,产生的地表径流较大,这一点更符合洪水形成的特点.
2005, 33(5):401-403.
Abstract:
Using GMS infrared image data between May and July from 1996 to 2001,the relationship between temperature and the corresponding station's precipitation was analyzed.The results show the maximum rainfall did not occur at areas where the cloud-top temperature was the lowest or the cloud-top temperature gradient was the largest,but occurred at about four pixels ahead of the area with the largest temperature gradient around the lowest-temperature centers of cloud clusters.Meanwhile,using the regression method,an analysis was made of the relationship between factors such as the cloud top minimum temperature,development rate and heavy rainfall.Then based on the movement of area with the largest temperature gradient around the strong low-temperature center of cloud clusters,the possible precipitation intensity and distribution in one hour can be estimated.
Using GMS infrared image data between May and July from 1996 to 2001,the relationship between temperature and the corresponding station's precipitation was analyzed.The results show the maximum rainfall did not occur at areas where the cloud-top temperature was the lowest or the cloud-top temperature gradient was the largest,but occurred at about four pixels ahead of the area with the largest temperature gradient around the lowest-temperature centers of cloud clusters.Meanwhile,using the regression method,an analysis was made of the relationship between factors such as the cloud top minimum temperature,development rate and heavy rainfall.Then based on the movement of area with the largest temperature gradient around the strong low-temperature center of cloud clusters,the possible precipitation intensity and distribution in one hour can be estimated.
2005, 33(5):404-407.
Abstract:
By using the wind data from automatic wind stations over Zhoushan islands,the wind features in the Zhoushan sea area was analyzed.Based on the results,the whole Zhoushan sea area is divided into five subareas.The zoned high wind forecasting technical scheme was presented,which offsets some disadvantages of the current high wind forecasting(the public weather forecast).The forecast practice shows that the zoned wind forecasting not only is more reasonable and pertinent,but also can effectively solve the contradiction between safety and benefits for marine activities.So it is suitable to be used in all oceanic islands areas.
By using the wind data from automatic wind stations over Zhoushan islands,the wind features in the Zhoushan sea area was analyzed.Based on the results,the whole Zhoushan sea area is divided into five subareas.The zoned high wind forecasting technical scheme was presented,which offsets some disadvantages of the current high wind forecasting(the public weather forecast).The forecast practice shows that the zoned wind forecasting not only is more reasonable and pertinent,but also can effectively solve the contradiction between safety and benefits for marine activities.So it is suitable to be used in all oceanic islands areas.
2005, 33(5):408-412.
Abstract:
A heavy rain event occurred on 2003-08-25 in the southwestern Shandong Province is simulated with the numerical model MM5V3. The results indicate that the MM5 model simulated the rainstorm and the development of the mesoscale system successfully. The event occurred at the stream convergence area of a low-level jet and east wind circumfluence. The length of the convergence area was about 800 km from west to east. The convergence of warm and cold air induced the strong ascending motion; the lower-level jet was enhanced, transport- ing large quantities of warm, moist air into the system; and east wind circumfluence transported large quantities of cold, moist air into the system. Furthermore, due to the coupling between upper- and lower-level jets and the associated lower convergence and upper strong divergence, the continuously developing mesoscale system resulted in the heavy rain in southwest Shandong Province.
A heavy rain event occurred on 2003-08-25 in the southwestern Shandong Province is simulated with the numerical model MM5V3. The results indicate that the MM5 model simulated the rainstorm and the development of the mesoscale system successfully. The event occurred at the stream convergence area of a low-level jet and east wind circumfluence. The length of the convergence area was about 800 km from west to east. The convergence of warm and cold air induced the strong ascending motion; the lower-level jet was enhanced, transport- ing large quantities of warm, moist air into the system; and east wind circumfluence transported large quantities of cold, moist air into the system. Furthermore, due to the coupling between upper- and lower-level jets and the associated lower convergence and upper strong divergence, the continuously developing mesoscale system resulted in the heavy rain in southwest Shandong Province.
2005, 33(5):413-418.
Abstract:
.使用常规气象资料和诊断分析技术对比分析了陕北地区4次突发性暴雨和2次系统性暴雨过程.结果表明：①突发性暴雨出现在副热带高压南北摆动,东西移动不太明显的形势下;水汽主要靠暴雨出现以前大气低层输送和聚集;上升运动是由于高层急流中心右后方的强烈辐散形成的,上升运动和突发性暴雨同步加强;低空能量锋生强度大,体现为雨区能量较环境能量突增的过程;不稳定能量聚集明显偏多,能量主要聚集在中高层;中尺度系统比较深厚.②系统性暴雨出现在副热带高压系统性西进北抬或东退南压的形势下;水汽主要靠暴雨过程中的补充;垂直运动是由于低层辐合和高层辐散形成的,垂直运动在暴雨出现以前形成;能量锋区比较深厚,锋区相对弱,体现为低能气团代替高能气团的过程;不稳定能量聚集相对较少,能量主要聚集在中低层;中尺度系统较为浅薄等.
.使用常规气象资料和诊断分析技术对比分析了陕北地区4次突发性暴雨和2次系统性暴雨过程.结果表明：①突发性暴雨出现在副热带高压南北摆动,东西移动不太明显的形势下;水汽主要靠暴雨出现以前大气低层输送和聚集;上升运动是由于高层急流中心右后方的强烈辐散形成的,上升运动和突发性暴雨同步加强;低空能量锋生强度大,体现为雨区能量较环境能量突增的过程;不稳定能量聚集明显偏多,能量主要聚集在中高层;中尺度系统比较深厚.②系统性暴雨出现在副热带高压系统性西进北抬或东退南压的形势下;水汽主要靠暴雨过程中的补充;垂直运动是由于低层辐合和高层辐散形成的,垂直运动在暴雨出现以前形成;能量锋区比较深厚,锋区相对弱,体现为低能气团代替高能气团的过程;不稳定能量聚集相对较少,能量主要聚集在中低层;中尺度系统较为浅薄等.
2005, 33(5):419-423432.
Abstract:
Based on the monthly air temperature from 26 representative stations in Qinghai from 1961 to 2002, the standard weighted average air temperature sequence was given, and the characteristics of air temperature variation in recent 42 years in Qinghai was analyzed. The results show that air temperature in Qinghai has been increasing with a rate of 0.25 ~C per ten years. The annual averaged air temperature is the lowest in the 1960s, began to increase in the 1970s, and has been increasing significantly since the 1990s, with the highest ten-year averaged air temperature in the decade. The air temperature in Qinghai has evident seasonal and regional variation, and the variation tendencyies of maximum and minimum temperature are generally non-symmetry. The variation tendency of air temperature in Qinghai is consistent with that across China. The increasing rates of an- nual, autumn, and winter air temperature are much greater in Qinghai than those in other parts of China. The phase of air temperature variation is five to six years ahead in Qinghai of that in the whole China. This conclusion is in agreament with the viewpoint that the Qinghi-Tibet plateau is probably one of most sensitive areas to the climate change in China.
Based on the monthly air temperature from 26 representative stations in Qinghai from 1961 to 2002, the standard weighted average air temperature sequence was given, and the characteristics of air temperature variation in recent 42 years in Qinghai was analyzed. The results show that air temperature in Qinghai has been increasing with a rate of 0.25 ~C per ten years. The annual averaged air temperature is the lowest in the 1960s, began to increase in the 1970s, and has been increasing significantly since the 1990s, with the highest ten-year averaged air temperature in the decade. The air temperature in Qinghai has evident seasonal and regional variation, and the variation tendencyies of maximum and minimum temperature are generally non-symmetry. The variation tendency of air temperature in Qinghai is consistent with that across China. The increasing rates of an- nual, autumn, and winter air temperature are much greater in Qinghai than those in other parts of China. The phase of air temperature variation is five to six years ahead in Qinghai of that in the whole China. This conclusion is in agreament with the viewpoint that the Qinghi-Tibet plateau is probably one of most sensitive areas to the climate change in China.
2005, 33(5):424-428.
Abstract:
To reveal the characteristics of the spatial-temporal variations of water vapor over Gansu Province,the variation of the atmospheric water vapor content over the area from 1961 to 2000 was studied by means of EOF,REOF,wavelet and Petitt jump-point methods.The results show that there were four sensitive areas(spatial pattern) in water vapor variation in Gansu: the eastern and western parts are the most sensitive;the central part is the second;the temporal variation show obviously phasic feature.Abrupt changes occurred in 1977 and 1977: there were a decreasing trend before 1977,fluctuation in 1977-1987,an obvious increasing trend after 1987.The wavelet analysis indicates that there was remarkable oscillation in water vapor with the periods being 2 to 4 years,strong in variability before the 1970s,relativity weak after the 1980s.
To reveal the characteristics of the spatial-temporal variations of water vapor over Gansu Province,the variation of the atmospheric water vapor content over the area from 1961 to 2000 was studied by means of EOF,REOF,wavelet and Petitt jump-point methods.The results show that there were four sensitive areas(spatial pattern) in water vapor variation in Gansu: the eastern and western parts are the most sensitive;the central part is the second;the temporal variation show obviously phasic feature.Abrupt changes occurred in 1977 and 1977: there were a decreasing trend before 1977,fluctuation in 1977-1987,an obvious increasing trend after 1987.The wavelet analysis indicates that there was remarkable oscillation in water vapor with the periods being 2 to 4 years,strong in variability before the 1970s,relativity weak after the 1980s.
2005, 33(5):429-432.
Abstract:
选取内蒙古中西部37个站1961～2000年3～5月气温、相对湿度等地面气象因子,分析它们对内蒙古中西部沙尘暴频率的影响以及内蒙古中西部单站沙尘暴频率的变化趋势.结果表明：1961～2000年3～5月平均气温高于4℃和3～5月平均相对湿度低于40%地区对应沙尘暴多发区.从单站的沙尘暴频率变化来看,非沙化区（包括沙区）有明显的减少趋势;沙漠化发展区没有减少趋势,下垫面状况的恶化,使沙漠化地区和沙漠化发展区正在成为新的沙尘暴源地.
选取内蒙古中西部37个站1961～2000年3～5月气温、相对湿度等地面气象因子,分析它们对内蒙古中西部沙尘暴频率的影响以及内蒙古中西部单站沙尘暴频率的变化趋势.结果表明：1961～2000年3～5月平均气温高于4℃和3～5月平均相对湿度低于40%地区对应沙尘暴多发区.从单站的沙尘暴频率变化来看,非沙化区（包括沙区）有明显的减少趋势;沙漠化发展区没有减少趋势,下垫面状况的恶化,使沙漠化地区和沙漠化发展区正在成为新的沙尘暴源地.
2005, 33(5):433-436.
Abstract:
The study of the relationship between weather conditions and the unit yield of late rice shows that weather factors, especially air temperature and sunshine, are essential to the unit yield change of late rice for two years in succession. According to the needs of operational service, a method of forecasting dynamically the trends of the late rice yield for the whole country is presented, based on the theory of synthesize cluster analysis and such data as the late rice unit yields of the main planting provinces in China, average air temperature and ten-day sunshine duration. The method can be used to dynamically predict the unit yield of late rice after having sowed for some time, being simple and practical and having high accuracy. It is difficult to screen out the predicting factors within a short time by using the common regression method; therefore, this method is of better value in operational application.
The study of the relationship between weather conditions and the unit yield of late rice shows that weather factors, especially air temperature and sunshine, are essential to the unit yield change of late rice for two years in succession. According to the needs of operational service, a method of forecasting dynamically the trends of the late rice yield for the whole country is presented, based on the theory of synthesize cluster analysis and such data as the late rice unit yields of the main planting provinces in China, average air temperature and ten-day sunshine duration. The method can be used to dynamically predict the unit yield of late rice after having sowed for some time, being simple and practical and having high accuracy. It is difficult to screen out the predicting factors within a short time by using the common regression method; therefore, this method is of better value in operational application.
2005, 33(5):437-441.
Abstract:
In order to increase the benefits and reduce the blindness of special-variety corn planting in the major planting area over the West Liaohe drainage area of the eastern Inner Mongolia, four special types of corns were selected as the research objects such as high-oil, high-amylum, high-lysine and sweet corns. Based on the needs of various corns for climatic conditions, soil types and topographic geomorphology, the planting regionalizing in- dexes of special-variety corn were presented with Tongliao as the demonstration area. By using of small-grid de- duction and GIS techniques, as well as the climatic similarity principle, the favorable planting areas for various special-variety corns were given respectively. It was pointed out that the most part of the agricultural area in Tongliao of Inner Mongolia is favorable for planting special-variety corns.
In order to increase the benefits and reduce the blindness of special-variety corn planting in the major planting area over the West Liaohe drainage area of the eastern Inner Mongolia, four special types of corns were selected as the research objects such as high-oil, high-amylum, high-lysine and sweet corns. Based on the needs of various corns for climatic conditions, soil types and topographic geomorphology, the planting regionalizing in- dexes of special-variety corn were presented with Tongliao as the demonstration area. By using of small-grid de- duction and GIS techniques, as well as the climatic similarity principle, the favorable planting areas for various special-variety corns were given respectively. It was pointed out that the most part of the agricultural area in Tongliao of Inner Mongolia is favorable for planting special-variety corns.
2005, 33(5):442-444.
Abstract:
Brief summary is made of the complexity theory and the sustainable evolution of the ecosystem is discussed.Taking water resources as an example,the complex relationship between the state,process and transformation is explained.The eco-environmental sustainability is a huge complex system,an anthropocentric system,in which the eco-environmental resources and disasters are the positive and negative states of the relationship between human being and ecosystem.All these suggest a new way of thinking for the sustainable development of eco-environmental resources: think ecosystem puzzles in a non-linear manner;apply systemic way instead of single way to analyze problems;to transfer traditional economy-oriented way to society-economy-resources-ecosystem-oriented one,et al.
Brief summary is made of the complexity theory and the sustainable evolution of the ecosystem is discussed.Taking water resources as an example,the complex relationship between the state,process and transformation is explained.The eco-environmental sustainability is a huge complex system,an anthropocentric system,in which the eco-environmental resources and disasters are the positive and negative states of the relationship between human being and ecosystem.All these suggest a new way of thinking for the sustainable development of eco-environmental resources: think ecosystem puzzles in a non-linear manner;apply systemic way instead of single way to analyze problems;to transfer traditional economy-oriented way to society-economy-resources-ecosystem-oriented one,et al.
2005, 33(5):445-450.
Abstract:
Based on observation data and NWP products,some diagnosis fields for rain enhancement were worked out and the real-time automatic display on MICAPS platform was realized.The supersaturation with respect to ice can be used to diagnose the vertical distribution of ice-water conversion area,then determine the seeding height.The vertical disposition of T-T_d can show the altitude and depth of the quasi-saturation layer,the top of which was the suitable seeding position.The height of the characteristic temperature layer can be used to determine the altitude and thickness of "seeding temperature window," a seeding position criterion.The optimal seeding altitude can be determined by synthesizing above methods.The trend of rainfall enhancement potential coefficient was identical with that of rainfall,which can provide reference for choosing appropriate seeding time.The above-mentioned methods were applied during a typical rain case. In the weighted integrating manner,several environmental physical fields and rainfall forecast were synthesized,and the graded forecast of rain enhancement potential was made.The verification was conducted by seven stratiform-cloud rain cases occurred from February to May 2004.The results show that the method is encouraging.
Based on observation data and NWP products,some diagnosis fields for rain enhancement were worked out and the real-time automatic display on MICAPS platform was realized.The supersaturation with respect to ice can be used to diagnose the vertical distribution of ice-water conversion area,then determine the seeding height.The vertical disposition of T-T_d can show the altitude and depth of the quasi-saturation layer,the top of which was the suitable seeding position.The height of the characteristic temperature layer can be used to determine the altitude and thickness of "seeding temperature window," a seeding position criterion.The optimal seeding altitude can be determined by synthesizing above methods.The trend of rainfall enhancement potential coefficient was identical with that of rainfall,which can provide reference for choosing appropriate seeding time.The above-mentioned methods were applied during a typical rain case. In the weighted integrating manner,several environmental physical fields and rainfall forecast were synthesized,and the graded forecast of rain enhancement potential was made.The verification was conducted by seven stratiform-cloud rain cases occurred from February to May 2004.The results show that the method is encouraging.
2005, 33(5):451-455.
Abstract:
A device for drop-freezing experiment was improved,which consists of the cold-cavity,thermometer,controller of temperature,recorder of signals,cold sink,and environment box.Before the drop-freezing experiment,the water sample to be tested was evenly scattered as several dozens of drops in the cavity over the cold board.The temperature of drops can decrease linearly under auto-control and the drops freeze in succession with decreasing temperature.An array of thermocouple is used to detect the latent heat released by freezing drops and a "pulse" signal of the freezing event can be revealed in real time on a pen-andink recorder.After several times of drop-freezing experiments for certain water samples,the freezing temperature spectrum can be obtained.According to the method given by Vali,the concentration of the freezing nuclei for this water sample can be calculated.Using this device,drop-freezing experiments were carried out for several kinds of precipitation water samples in Beijing.The results show that there is obvious deference in temperature spectra of freezing nuclei for different precipitation samples.It will be hopefully used as a new criterion for effectiveness evaluation of weather modification operation.
A device for drop-freezing experiment was improved,which consists of the cold-cavity,thermometer,controller of temperature,recorder of signals,cold sink,and environment box.Before the drop-freezing experiment,the water sample to be tested was evenly scattered as several dozens of drops in the cavity over the cold board.The temperature of drops can decrease linearly under auto-control and the drops freeze in succession with decreasing temperature.An array of thermocouple is used to detect the latent heat released by freezing drops and a "pulse" signal of the freezing event can be revealed in real time on a pen-andink recorder.After several times of drop-freezing experiments for certain water samples,the freezing temperature spectrum can be obtained.According to the method given by Vali,the concentration of the freezing nuclei for this water sample can be calculated.Using this device,drop-freezing experiments were carried out for several kinds of precipitation water samples in Beijing.The results show that there is obvious deference in temperature spectra of freezing nuclei for different precipitation samples.It will be hopefully used as a new criterion for effectiveness evaluation of weather modification operation.
2005, 33(5):456-459.
Abstract:
在2002～2003年春秋季陕西省14次飞机增雨作业天气分析的基础上,对2002年9月13日飞机增雨作业典型天气个例的环流背景、影响系统以及500 hPaθse、温度、垂直速度、水汽通量散度等物理量场进行了分析,并结合飞机和雷达探测资料,得出飞机增雨作业需要的有利于层状云向降水转化的条件：有稳定的层状云,云系有一定冷层厚度和过冷云水量,供自然冰相降水元和人工催化形成的降水元增长;云系还应有一定厚度的暖层,供下落的自然和人工形成降水元融化再经碰并云水增长成雨滴形成降水.陕西省春秋季具有进行有效飞机增雨作业的天气系统和天气条件.
在2002～2003年春秋季陕西省14次飞机增雨作业天气分析的基础上,对2002年9月13日飞机增雨作业典型天气个例的环流背景、影响系统以及500 hPaθse、温度、垂直速度、水汽通量散度等物理量场进行了分析,并结合飞机和雷达探测资料,得出飞机增雨作业需要的有利于层状云向降水转化的条件：有稳定的层状云,云系有一定冷层厚度和过冷云水量,供自然冰相降水元和人工催化形成的降水元增长;云系还应有一定厚度的暖层,供下落的自然和人工形成降水元融化再经碰并云水增长成雨滴形成降水.陕西省春秋季具有进行有效飞机增雨作业的天气系统和天气条件.
2005, 33(5):460-463468.
Abstract:
The communication way, system framework and software realization of the New Generation Mesoscale Automatic Weather Station Network are described. The whole system is based on the CAWS series automatic weather stations, adopting mainly the wireless communication approach supplemented by cable. The system function design was realized though the three-level C/S structure and the B/S structure. Through re-developing the relational database based on the SQL Server 2000 and conducting researches on the meteorological observation methods and datum application with the data collected by automatic weather stations, the new generation mesoscale automatic weather station network becomes a comprehensive system with the capabilities of ground observation, analyzing, predicting, warning, and Web publication combined.
The communication way, system framework and software realization of the New Generation Mesoscale Automatic Weather Station Network are described. The whole system is based on the CAWS series automatic weather stations, adopting mainly the wireless communication approach supplemented by cable. The system function design was realized though the three-level C/S structure and the B/S structure. Through re-developing the relational database based on the SQL Server 2000 and conducting researches on the meteorological observation methods and datum application with the data collected by automatic weather stations, the new generation mesoscale automatic weather station network becomes a comprehensive system with the capabilities of ground observation, analyzing, predicting, warning, and Web publication combined.
2005, 33(5):464-468.
Abstract:
The main functions and performance parameters of the IFD Receiver for CINRAD/CB Pulsed Doppler Weather Radar are presented.Techniques embedded in the receiver are IFD(Digitized Intermediate Frequency) ingestion with high sensitivity,highly dynamic range with AGC,low-phase noise frequency Synthesizer,on-line BITE test,real-time calibration.It is designed with the high-stability frequency source and COHO(Coherent Oscillator).The principles of IFD and the system frame receiver are also given.Analyses were made of the capability indicators such as the sensitivity,noise coefficient,and dynamic range.The pulsed Doppler weather radar is C-band weather radar and is currently used for monitoring severe weather in China.
The main functions and performance parameters of the IFD Receiver for CINRAD/CB Pulsed Doppler Weather Radar are presented.Techniques embedded in the receiver are IFD(Digitized Intermediate Frequency) ingestion with high sensitivity,highly dynamic range with AGC,low-phase noise frequency Synthesizer,on-line BITE test,real-time calibration.It is designed with the high-stability frequency source and COHO(Coherent Oscillator).The principles of IFD and the system frame receiver are also given.Analyses were made of the capability indicators such as the sensitivity,noise coefficient,and dynamic range.The pulsed Doppler weather radar is C-band weather radar and is currently used for monitoring severe weather in China.
2005, 33(5):469-473.
Abstract:
CINRAD/SA,China Next Generation Weather Radar,Build 10 radar software system is updated based on the CINRAD Build 7 and the NEXRAD WSR-88D Build 10. The CINRAD Build 10 radar software system integrated the advantages of the NEXRAD Build 10 and the CINRAD Build 7.The data process algorithms of the NEXRAD Build 10 are used.The stability of the software,the correctness of the generated products,and the capability of the software system are greatly improved.The new features of the CINRAD Build 10 radar software system are introduced.
CINRAD/SA,China Next Generation Weather Radar,Build 10 radar software system is updated based on the CINRAD Build 7 and the NEXRAD WSR-88D Build 10. The CINRAD Build 10 radar software system integrated the advantages of the NEXRAD Build 10 and the CINRAD Build 7.The data process algorithms of the NEXRAD Build 10 are used.The stability of the software,the correctness of the generated products,and the capability of the software system are greatly improved.The new features of the CINRAD Build 10 radar software system are introduced.
2005, 33(5):474-477.
Abstract:
The GIS-based Climate Monitoring and Disaster Warning System for Fujian Province was developed by the Fujian Meteorological Office by means of 3S(RS,GIS,GPS) technology,software programming and system integrating technology.The operational platform of the system was established on the Microsoft Windows XP operating system.The functions developed include: base map making,data processing,icon labeling,real-time monitoring and historical contrasting, diagnosis analyzing and disaster warning,data querying and region searching,map reviewing and graphics analyzing,database storing and web transmitting,and bulletin and disaster report making.With various climatic monitoring and meteorological disaster warning reports,the system helped local authorities foresee floods,droughts and water supply fluctuations from 2002,which can also be applied to the related scientific research fields.
The GIS-based Climate Monitoring and Disaster Warning System for Fujian Province was developed by the Fujian Meteorological Office by means of 3S(RS,GIS,GPS) technology,software programming and system integrating technology.The operational platform of the system was established on the Microsoft Windows XP operating system.The functions developed include: base map making,data processing,icon labeling,real-time monitoring and historical contrasting, diagnosis analyzing and disaster warning,data querying and region searching,map reviewing and graphics analyzing,database storing and web transmitting,and bulletin and disaster report making.With various climatic monitoring and meteorological disaster warning reports,the system helped local authorities foresee floods,droughts and water supply fluctuations from 2002,which can also be applied to the related scientific research fields.
2005, 33(5):478.
Abstract:
The Citystar GIS-based Climatic Resources Service System is a platform on which the results of climatic resources from numerical simulation and statistical calculation can be displayed and queried. The climatic values at any grid, meteorological index of crops, GIS information, and statistical information of agriculture can be queried expediently. The planting regionalization of crops can also be made by the system. The system has been widely used in the function and framework adjustment of agriculture production in Beijing suburbs. It provides the leaders of the related departments with scientific bases for decision-making.
The Citystar GIS-based Climatic Resources Service System is a platform on which the results of climatic resources from numerical simulation and statistical calculation can be displayed and queried. The climatic values at any grid, meteorological index of crops, GIS information, and statistical information of agriculture can be queried expediently. The planting regionalization of crops can also be made by the system. The system has been widely used in the function and framework adjustment of agriculture production in Beijing suburbs. It provides the leaders of the related departments with scientific bases for decision-making.
External LinksChina Meteorological AdministrationCMA Meteorological Observation CentreChinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing Meteorological ServiceNational Satellite Meteorological Center
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Supported by:Beijing E-Tiller Technology Development Co., Ltd.
Supported by:Beijing E-Tiller Technology Development Co., Ltd.